@jlfranklin mentioned Database SSL Check in https://github.com/backdrop/backdrop-issues/issues/4772#issuecomment-778.... That is a D7/D8 module, and it could of course be ported to Backdrop contrib, but it's only a ~40-line implementation of hook_requirements(): https://git.drupalcode.org/project/database_ssl_check/-/blob/7.x-1.x/dat... ...so I believe that it could be a nice addition to core, as part of #3624.
I've installed the module in Backdrop (simply modifying it's .info file), and this is what it adds:

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