This is how a form widget looks like for a vocabulary with nested terms, when configured to be rendered as a checkbox list:

For D7, you can use the Taxonomy Term Reference Tree Widget module to improve how this widget works, but I believe that all the bell and whistles it offers would be too much for core. We should just get rid of the dashes from the checkbox labels and add indentation to the checkboxes. It would be so much better and more readable like so:

Related: https://drupal.stackexchange.com/questions/85011/how-to-get-rid-of-the-s... https://drupal.stackexchange.com/questions/121053/add-class-to-sub-taxon... https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal/issues/648264 (Core taxonomy.module issue, pending since 2009 - although for dropdowns)
Recent comments
Hi geoma, no need to excuse. I think, now I got it (more or less). Your problem doesn't actually have much to do with the Leaflet module, but you struggle with the combination of...
Parent items won't show on Leaflet Widget.
Sorry for not being clear. I have this view and two exposed filters on it. I am trying to show different places on the map. These places are called "institutions". They have a...
Parent items won't show on Leaflet Widget.
Still trying to understand: you have this view and an exposed form on it, right. And you have two independent taxonomy terms and try to filter by them? Or is this a hierarchal...
Parent items won't show on Leaflet Widget.